In this video, we present a case of levator palpebrae resection in an 8-year-old patient with right eye ptosis.
In the pre-op photo, significant ptosis of the right eye can be appreciated. An incision was planned along the lid crease. 0.1 ml of 1: 100,000 epinephrine was injected. An incision was made by electro-cautery along the lid through the skin and orbicularis. Westcott scissors were used to further dissect horizontally. The septum was identified and opened. The preaponeurotic fat was identified and lifted, and the levator aponeurosis was identified. The levator was then tagged with two 6.0 Vicryle sutures, and isolated from surrounding tissues. Next, three6-0 Mersilene sutures were run from the upper tarsus to the levator. They are tightened with releasable notes. The lid elevation and contour were evaluated and adjustments were made until contour and height were equal and appropriate. The temporary surgical knots were transitioned into permanent surgical knots. Approximately 14 mm of excess levator was then excised. Next, three lid crease formation sutures were placed using 6-0 Vicryl. These were attached to the subcu-skin and levator to recreate the upper eyelid crease. Skin closure was performed with 6-0 fast-absorbing gut sutures. In this one-week post-op photo, the ptosis of his right eye was improved.
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Cranioplasty with barrel stave osteotomies to treat sagittal suture craniosynostosis.
Contributors: Rongsheng Cai and Roop Gill.
Endoscopic assisted sagittal strip craniectomy with barrel stave osteotomies to treat sagittal suture craniosynostosis.
Myelomeningocele is the most common form of neural tube defect, developing after the 4th week of gestation. Although diagnosed prenatally, many patients did not have a chance to be treated before birth. The best approach in these situation is to perform surgical treatment at time zero. A multidisciplinary team must be prepared to perform dural repair and soft tissue coverage. This video illustrates our approach for soft tissue reconstruction using rhomboid fasciocutaneous flaps with maximal preservation of perforator vessels.
Contributors
Dov Charles Goldenberg, MD Phd, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Vania Kharmandayan, MD, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Tatiana Moura, MD, MSc, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of the infancy and its location on the nasal tip poses particularly as a challenge. A recent study published by out group defined an algorithm for surgical approach to hemangiomas.
Nasal tip hemangiomas carry a high risk for growth related deformities and is a usual indication for surgery.
The best approach must warrant a result at least similar or even better to spontaneous involution.
In this video we present a case where an open rhinoplasty approach was designed to remove the tumor, reposition the anatomic structures and reduce visible scars.
Contributors
Dov Charles Goldenberg, MD Phd, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Vania Kharmandayan, MD, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Infantile hemangiomas occurring in the face may represent a real problem to a child. Clinical significance is ultimately determined by the degree of tissue deformation. Large dimensions; specific locations; and the presence of complications such as ulceration, bleeding, or infection indicate active treatment to minimize morbidity. The combination of clinical features and response to pharmacologic treatment are the main standpoints indicating surgery during the active phases of infantile hemangiomas.
The concept of minimal possible scar is relevant, and the use of purse-string sutures, initially proposed by Mulliken et al., promotes a real reduction in the final scar dimensions. In this video surgical resection of a frontal hemangioma illustrates a modified purse string suture, to reduce the dimensions of a linear scar.
Contributors
Dov Charles Goldenberg, MD Phd, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Vania Kharmandayan, MD, Division of Plastic Surgery, Hospital das Clinicas, University of Sao Paulo Medical School
Our patient is a 20 year old boy with severe maxillary hypoplasia with a history of bilateral cleft lip and palate. We performed a maxillary advancement with distraction osteogenesis.
Nikhil Kamath, BS
Aaron Smith, MD
Michael S. Golinko, MD
Kumar Patel, PA-C
Revision Facial Bipartition Osteotomy in 14y/o Female.
Contributors:
Aaron Smith, MD; Kumar Patel, PA; Ashley Bartels, BS; Rongsheng Cai, MD; Roop Gill, MD
Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) refers to the improper control of airflow through the nasopharynx. The term VPD denotes the clinical finding of incomplete velopharyngeal closure. Other terms used to describe VPD include velopharyngeal insufficiency, inadequacy and incompetence. However, the use of VPD has gained popularity over these terms as they may be used to infer a specific etiology of impaired velopharyngeal closure.1
Control of airflow through the nasopharynx is dependent on the simultaneous elevation of the soft palate and constriction of the lateral and posterior pharyngeal walls. Disruptions of this mechanism caused by structural, muscular or neurologic pathology of the palate or pharyngeal walls can result in VPD. VPD can result in a hypernasal voice with compensatory misarticulations, nasal emissions and aberrant facial movements during speech.2
The assessment of velopharyngeal function is best preformed by a multispecialty team evaluation including speech-language pathologists, prosthodontists, otolaryngologists and plastic surgeons. The initial diagnosis of VPD is typically made with voice and resonance evaluation conducted by a speech-language pathologist. To better characterize the patient’s VPD, video nasopharyngeal endoscopy or speech videofluoroscopy can be used to visualize the velopharyngeal mechanism during speech.
VPD may first be managed with speech-language therapy and removable prostheses. For those who are good surgical candidates and do not fully respond to speech-language therapy, surgical intervention may be pursued.
Surgical management of VPD is most commonly accomplished by pharyngeal flap procedures or sphincter pharyngoplasty. In this video, a superiorly based pharyngeal flap with a uvular mucosal lining flap was preformed for VPD in a five-year-old patient with 22q11 Deletion Syndrome and aberrantly medial internal carotid arteries.
This video documents the steps typically followed during open reduction of isolated, depressed zygomatic arch fractures. The patient’s hair was shaven for clarity and for proper marking of key anatomic landmarks. Such landmarks are shown and discussed in sequence with the key surgical steps.
Marcus Couey, DDS, MD; Eric Reimer, DDS; Andrew Bhagyam, DDS; Phillip Freeman, DDS, MD; Jose M Marchena, DMD, MD
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery
