Ventricular Septal Defects

As one of the most common congenital cardiac anomalies managed by pediatric cardiac teams, VSD’s often may present a challenge in optimal management.  Our team of experts will discuss pathophysiology, diagnostic studies, indications and timing of surgery, surgical management; along with the technical challenges/considerations of repairing each of the different anatomic variants of ventricular septal defects: perimembranous, conoventricular, supracristal (subpulmonary), inlet (atrioventricular canal type), and muscular.


Lawrence Greiten, MD
Sophia Tyrer, Pre-Med

Assistant Professor in Division of Congenital Cardiac Surgery
Arkansas Children’s Hospital (ACH) and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS)

Lawrence Greiten, M.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Congenital Cardiac Surgery at Arkansas Children’s Hospital (ACH) and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). Dr. Greiten received his undergraduate degree from Kansas Wesleyan University and his medical degree from the University Of Arizona College Of Medicine. He completed both his General Surgery training and Cardiovascular and General Thoracic Surgery fellowship at the Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, where he also earned a Masters in Biomedical Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science. He did an advanced Fellowship in Congenital Cardiac Surgery at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck Medical School at the University of Southern California.

Research Intern
Arkansas Children’s Research Institution / University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Sophia is a Pre-Medical Track student that recently graduated with a traditional BA-Biology degree and a minor in Medical Humanities. She is always seeking to expand her knowledge and gain exposure to pediatric research in hopes of bettering herself as an aspiring physician and continuing research in the future.

Christian M Eisenring, ACNP-BC
Brian Reemtsen, M.D.

CVOR Surgical Assistant Chief
Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Over 28 years of adult and congenital heart surgery experience. I have helped develop a minimally invasive and robotic surgery program at UCLA. In addition, I have been involved with Ex-Vivo heart and lung preservation trials and several drug trials.

Professor, Department of Surgery / Director, Heart Institute
UAMS College of Medicine / Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Brian Reemtsen, M.D. is a Professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in the Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. He is also Director of the Heart Institute at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and his medical degree from New York Medical College. He completed his internship and residency at UCLA School of Medicine. He then completed fellowships at the University of Washington, as well as the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, England.

Shae A. Merves, MD
Josh Daily, MD, MEd

Assistant Professor, Pediatric Cardiology & Radiology
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences / Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Dr. Merves is a pediatric cardiologist with a specific interest and additional training in cardiac imaging. In clinical practice, she cares for patients across all age ranges from fetal life through adulthood and performs and interprets fetal echocardiograms, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms, cardiac MRIs and cardiac CTs. She has an interest in imaging related research and education.

Pediatric Cardiologist / Associate Professor of Pediatrics / Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Program Director
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences / Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Dr. Daily is a non-invasive pediatric cardiologist who serves as the Pediatric Cardiology Fellowship Program Director at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. His interests include echocardiography, adult education, and physician personal finance.

Three Stage Management of the Single Ventricle

In this session our team of experts will discuss the three stages of single ventricle palliation including the Norwood procedure, the bidirectional Glenn shunt and the Fontan procedure.  Included in this webinar will be single ventricle pathophysiology, diagnostic studies/imaging, indications and contraindications for palliation, timing of surgical intervention, and overview of surgical goals and associated mortality.


Lawrence Greiten, MD
Sophia Tyrer, Pre-Med

Assistant Professor in Division of Congenital Cardiac Surgery
Arkansas Children’s Hospital (ACH) and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS)

Lawrence Greiten, M.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Division of Congenital Cardiac Surgery at Arkansas Children’s Hospital (ACH) and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). Dr. Greiten received his undergraduate degree from Kansas Wesleyan University and his medical degree from the University Of Arizona College Of Medicine. He completed both his General Surgery training and Cardiovascular and General Thoracic Surgery fellowship at the Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, where he also earned a Masters in Biomedical Sciences, Clinical and Translational Science. He did an advanced Fellowship in Congenital Cardiac Surgery at Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Keck Medical School at the University of Southern California.

Research Intern
Arkansas Children’s Research Institution / University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences

Sophia is a Pre-Medical Track student that recently graduated with a traditional BA-Biology degree and a minor in Medical Humanities. She is always seeking to expand her knowledge and gain exposure to pediatric research in hopes of bettering herself as an aspiring physician and continuing research in the future.

Christian M Eisenring, ACNP-BC
Brian Reemtsen, M.D.

CVOR Surgical Assistant Chief
Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Over 28 years of adult and congenital heart surgery experience. I have helped develop a minimally invasive and robotic surgery program at UCLA. In addition, I have been involved with Ex-Vivo heart and lung preservation trials and several drug trials.

Professor, Department of Surgery / Director, Heart Institute
UAMS College of Medicine / Arkansas Children’s Hospital

Brian Reemtsen, M.D. is a Professor at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in the Division of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. He is also Director of the Heart Institute at Arkansas Children’s Hospital. He received his undergraduate degree from the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), and his medical degree from New York Medical College. He completed his internship and residency at UCLA School of Medicine. He then completed fellowships at the University of Washington, as well as the Great Ormond Street Hospital in London, England.

Dr. Dala Zakaria

Pediatric Cardiologist
Arkansas Children’s Hospital

After completion of her formal training, Dala Zakaria, M.D., joined the faculty of the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences in 2013, practicing at Arkansas Children’s. Her primary clinical interests are transesophageal and fetal echocardiography, and advanced imaging, including 3D. Dr. Zakaria performs and interprets transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiograms in our outpatient, inpatient and telemedicine programs. She is an integral part of the Fetal Echocardiography program, providing fetal echocardiogram interpretation and consultation.

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